今天早上来，收到邮件报警，有几个数据库RMAN备份失败，分析备份日志发现遇到ORA-19606 Cannot copy or restore to snapshot control file错误：

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of delete command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 10/13/2015 03:00:02
ORA-19606: Cannot copy or restore to snapshot control file

在MOS上有这个错误的相关文章，以下是MOS对该错误的描述。

SYMPTOMS

=== ODM Issue Clarification ===

Receiving error on ‘delete obsolete’:
delete noprompt obsolete device type disk;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 5 days
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
——————– —— —————— ——————–
Control File Copy 3 01-SEP-10 C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of delete command on ORA_MAINT_DISK_1 channel at 09/09/2010 02:04:24
ORA-19606: Cannot copy or restore to snapshot control file

CAUSE

=== ODM Cause Determination ===

The snapshot controlfile is cataloged as a controlfile copy and is now obsolete. RMAN cannot delete this file as it is used by rman.

=== ODM Cause Justification ===

Error and information supplied justifies cause.

SOLUTION

=== ODM Solution / Action Plan ===

Since RMAN will continue to use that file as it’s snapshot copy, you must change the location/name that RMAN is using before it will allow you to delete the file.

1. Set new name (or location) for RMAN to use for snapshot controlfile:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO ‘C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCF_temp.ORA’;

2.Remove the snapshot controlfile from the RMAN information as a controlfile copy.

delete ‘C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA’ on operating system.

3.Crosscheck and delete the file from RMAN:
crosscheck controlfilecopy ‘C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA’;
delete expired controlfilecopy ‘C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA’;
4.Set the snapshot controlfile name (or location) to original:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO ‘C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA’;

5. Or to set the snapshot controlfile name back to default value:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME clear;

下面根据MOS上面的方法，解决这个问题。

RMAN> show SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name USER1 are:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f'; # default

将SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME修改为新的名字。

RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1-temp.f';

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1-temp.f';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

然后在操作系统上将原有的控制文件镜像删除，我这里使用改名的方式，没有直接删除，这也是一种习惯。

[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 dbs]$ mv snapcf_user1.f snapcf_user1.f.bak

然后在通过RMAN校验下控制文件的镜像，由于改了名字，将找不到控制文件的镜像，然后删除掉控制文件中的镜像信息。

RMAN> crosscheck controlfilecopy '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f';

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=389 device type=DISK
validation failed for control file copy
control file copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f RECID=1 STAMP=890930134
Crosschecked 1 objects


RMAN> delete expired controlfilecopy '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f';

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=389 device type=DISK
List of Control File Copies
===========================

Key     S Completion Time Ckp SCN    Ckp Time       
------- - --------------- ---------- ---------------
1       X 20-SEP-15       2124556    20-SEP-15      
        Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f
        Tag: TAG20150920T163533


Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted control file copy
control file copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f RECID=1 STAMP=890930134
Deleted 1 EXPIRED objects

再将控制文件的镜像备份还原成原来的名字，这有两种方法，一种是直接以全路径的方式修改，一种是以clear的方式修改，两种方法任选其一即可。

RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f';

old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1-temp.f';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

或者clear这个参数，将直接还原到默认值，结果和上面以直接路径修改的方式一样，因为上述修改的就是默认值。

RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME clear;

old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user2-temp.f';
RMAN configuration parameters are successfully reset to default value

RMAN> show SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name USER1 are:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_user1.f'; # default

最后，通过crontab找到备份的脚本，运行后，备份成功。

[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 dbs]$ crontab -l

00 03 * * 0 /u01/backup/rman_scripts/rman_db.sh  >> /dev/null 2>&1
00 03 * * 1,2,3,4,5,6 /u01/backup/rman_scripts/rman_arc.sh >> /dev/null 2>&1

[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 dbs]$ /u01/backup/rman_scripts/rman_arc.sh
RMAN> RMAN> 2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> 9> 10> 11> 12> 13> 14> 15> 16> 17> 18> 19> 20> 21> 22> 23>

[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 data]$ cd arc_20151013/
[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 arc_20151013]$ ll
总用量 60952
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52526080 10月 13 09:26 arch_3hqjjgps_113_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall     3072 10月 13 09:26 arch_3iqjjgps_114_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall     5007 10月 13 03:00 rman_bk_arc_20151013030001.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall     8233 10月 13 09:26 rman_bk_arc_20151013092618.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  9863168 10月 13 09:26 spfile_c-3329044944-20151013-00

查看rman_bk_arc_20151013092618.log，备份成功，日志太长就不贴了。

最后，删除之前备份的镜像和中转产生的控制文件镜像。

[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 arc_20151013]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@SL010M6-DB-USER1 dbs]$ rm snapcf_user1.f.bak snapcf_user1-temp.f

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